More often than not, mental health professionals did not educate families about what to expect or how to care for their loved one. In fact, for much of the twentieth century it was believed that mental illness was caused by overly strict or overly permissive parenting styles, and families were unfairly blamed for causing these disorders. Mothers were labeled "schizophrenogenic" and even well-meaning clinicians tried to keep them and other family members at a distance. Bateson's "double-bind" theory suggested that contradictory messages and communications by parents were the root cause of the problem. Because of these ideas and the stigma associated with mental illness, families felt isolated and alone, with few resources to assist them. After diagnosis , the only recourse for most families was to go to public libraries to read and learn as much as they could on their own.
Monday, July 18, 2011
Sunday, July 17, 2011
sound pollution
Although most developed nations have government agencies responsible for the protection of the environment, no nation has a single body that regulates noise pollution. In the United States, regulation of noise pollution was stripped from the federal Environmental Protection Agency and passed on the the individual states in the early 1980's. Although two noise-control bills passed by the EPA are still in effect, the agency can no longer form relevant legislation. In the United States, Canada, Europe, and most other developed parts of the world, different types of noise are managed by agencies responsible for the source of the noise. Transportation noise is usually regulated by the relevant transportation ministry, health-related work noise is often regulated by health ministries and worker's unions, and entertainment noise such as loud music is a criminal offense in many areas. As the bodies responsible for noise pollution reduction usually view noise as an annoyance rather than a problem, and reducing that noise often hurts the industry financially, little is currently being done to reduce noise pollution in developed countries.
Friday, July 15, 2011
Environmental Effect of Winter Season
The Draft EIS analyzes a range of alternatives that present different ways visitors could experience the park in winter while protecting the park's natural resources and values. The park analyzed seven alternatives, ranging from not allowing any motorized use, to allowing up to 720 snowmobiles and 78 snowcoaches per day. The park also considered an alternative that would allow commercial, wheeled vehicles to travel on roads that would be plowed from West Yellowstone and Mammoth Hot Springs to Old Faithful.
The "preferred alternative" takes a new approach by varying the maximum number of oversnow vehicles (OSV) allowed in the park for certain days and periods during the winter season. This "preferred alternative" would allow varying days of higher and lower numbers of snowmobiles and snowcoaches in the park so that visitors would have a greater variety of motorized and non-motorized experiences throughout the season. Some days could have as many as 330 snowmobiles and 80 snowcoaches in the park, while others could have as few as 110 snowmobiles and 30 snowcoaches. Use of "best available technology" (BAT) snowmobiles would continue, and a new limit on nitrogen oxide emissions would be implemented. By the winter of 2014-2015, snowcoaches would be required to meet or exceed the Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) 2010 emission standards for new wheeled vehicles.
The comment period is now open and will run for at least 60 days. The actual closing date for comments will depend on what date the EPA publishes a "Notice of Availability" in the Federal Register. That date will be announced soon, so please check back. What is a main problem of Himalayan Country?
The "preferred alternative" takes a new approach by varying the maximum number of oversnow vehicles (OSV) allowed in the park for certain days and periods during the winter season. This "preferred alternative" would allow varying days of higher and lower numbers of snowmobiles and snowcoaches in the park so that visitors would have a greater variety of motorized and non-motorized experiences throughout the season. Some days could have as many as 330 snowmobiles and 80 snowcoaches in the park, while others could have as few as 110 snowmobiles and 30 snowcoaches. Use of "best available technology" (BAT) snowmobiles would continue, and a new limit on nitrogen oxide emissions would be implemented. By the winter of 2014-2015, snowcoaches would be required to meet or exceed the Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) 2010 emission standards for new wheeled vehicles.
The comment period is now open and will run for at least 60 days. The actual closing date for comments will depend on what date the EPA publishes a "Notice of Availability" in the Federal Register. That date will be announced soon, so please check back. What is a main problem of Himalayan Country?
Wednesday, July 13, 2011
Environment effect in global warming
South Asian summer monsoon (June through September) rainfall simulation and its potential future changes are evaluated in a multi-model ensemble of global coupled climate models outputs under World Climate Research Program Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (WCRP CMIP3) dataset. The response of South Asian summer monsoon to a transient increase in future anthropogenic radiative forcing is investigated for two time slices, middle (2031–2050) and end of the twenty-first century (2081–2100), in the non-mitigated Special Report on Emission Scenarios B1, A1B and A2 .There is large inter-model variability in the simulation of spatial characteristics of seasonal monsoon precipitation. Ten out of the 25 models are able to simulate space–time characteristics of the South Asian monsoon precipitation reasonably well. The response of these selected ten models has been examined for projected changes in seasonal monsoon rainfall. The multi-model ensemble of these ten models projects a significant increase in monsoon precipitation with global warming. The substantial increase in precipitation is observed over western equatorial Indian Ocean and southern parts of India. However, the monsoon circulation weakens significantly under all the three climate change experiments. Possible mechanisms for the projected increase in precipitation and for precipitation–wind paradox have been discussed. The surface temperature over Asian landmass increases in pre-monsoon months due to global warming and heat low over northwest India intensifies. The dipole snow configuration over Eurasian continent strengthens in warmer atmosphere, which is conducive for the enhancement in precipitation over Indian landmass. No notable changes have been projected in the El Niño–Monsoon relationship, which is useful for predicting interannual variations of the monsoon.
Tuesday, July 12, 2011
Monday, July 11, 2011
Global Warming
The population of the world tops six billion and is continuing to rise. Over the last century, the quantity of fossil fuel consumed has mounted almost five times faster than the population! As a consequence, the concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere is more than 360 parts per million and escalating.
The more than 600 million motor vehicles in the world account for the predominant use of oil, the world's prevailing fuel. In the alone, there are more vehicles than licensed drivers, traveling over two trillion miles a year and burning 120 billion gallons of gas - resulting in over a billion tons of CO2 emissions per year.
Even though there have been major efforts to reduce vehicle pollutants over the last several decades, the ever increasing number of motor vehicles on roads, which release toxic emissions while they burn thousands of gallons of fuel every second, contribute to at least one third of the country's overall pollution. What is a main problem of Global warming ?
The more than 600 million motor vehicles in the world account for the predominant use of oil, the world's prevailing fuel. In the alone, there are more vehicles than licensed drivers, traveling over two trillion miles a year and burning 120 billion gallons of gas - resulting in over a billion tons of CO2 emissions per year.
Even though there have been major efforts to reduce vehicle pollutants over the last several decades, the ever increasing number of motor vehicles on roads, which release toxic emissions while they burn thousands of gallons of fuel every second, contribute to at least one third of the country's overall pollution. What is a main problem of Global warming ?
Friday, July 8, 2011
Listen and Pratise
In order to develop communicative efficiency in pronunciation, the students need to know how sounds are made one source of language they can listen to is the teacher. However they also head to heart the language used in real life situations so that they can emirate the pronounceable and acquire of some of its sound and patters. To exporter the student to natural English sounds and pronunciation has presented listen and practice activities, which present English vowels and consonants bit by bit. The following procedure is recommended to conduct this activity.
First, play the tape and have the student listen. Then play again and have them repeat after the tape. After that, conduct repetation drills. The student, repeat after the tape, they shows look at the words in their book finally gives your feedback.
First, play the tape and have the student listen. Then play again and have them repeat after the tape. After that, conduct repetation drills. The student, repeat after the tape, they shows look at the words in their book finally gives your feedback.
Wednesday, July 6, 2011
Traffice Education for Children
Children are one of the high-risk group in traffic. They lack certain essential skills that are necessary for being a reliable and safe road user. Children still have to learn to judge complex traffic situations correctly. Their mental development, i.e. concentration and the ability to estimate speed and distance etc. correctly, limits the safe traffic participation of children.
Traffic lessons are taught in primary school and the first years of secondary school. In these lessons, children of 4-14 years old are taught traffic rules and the meaning of road signs, and they learn to use this knowledge in practice. At present, the country is working on further professionalizing traffic education by assessing education projects.
Traffic lessons are taught in primary school and the first years of secondary school. In these lessons, children of 4-14 years old are taught traffic rules and the meaning of road signs, and they learn to use this knowledge in practice. At present, the country is working on further professionalizing traffic education by assessing education projects.
Home Education
Parents provide for their children’s education in a whole variety of ways. Some like to adopt a school-style approach where they timetable their day similarly to a classroom day and follow subjects on the National Curriculum. Others use a less scheduled approach and take opportunities that arise in their everyday lives to develop their children’s skills and knowledge. Many families find that once you look outside the traditional systematic way of learning we’re all familiar with through schooling you discover that there are many different approaches which are equally successful. As they grow in confidence they find there is a more flexible, child led approach where the starting point for learning comes from the child’s own interests and their daily lives which helps to keep the children more motivated to learn and avoid them becoming switched off. Some parents use graded work books and schemes of work available through the internet and publishing companies to develop their children’s learning, others develop their children’s skills through activities that occur in everyday life like play, constructive and creative activities, sports, enjoyment of books, outings, workshops, field trips, television and computer programmes, cooking, etc. And most families participate in learning activities and workshops with their local home schooling groups and are often beyond the home. Many tend to adopt a mix of these approaches based around their child’s individual preferences. Some use tutors and other experts to help them in specific areas. Others find their children learn all they need to know with no formal ‘lessons’ at all. Many home schooling families also find that work which would take a whole hour in a classroom session can be achieved in about twenty minutes on a one-to-one basis leaving much more time for the child’s personal hobbies and play. Stimulating play activities enhance a child’s learning and development as much as study does, as does physical activity, and home educating families make the most of those opportunities. Families find that they can be flexible in their approaches, changing as the child grows and their needs change. Home education can be completely personal to each family and as structured or as ‘tailor made’ as each individual family wants to make it. What is home education?
Tuesday, July 5, 2011
Education Of Pesticide Polution
PESTICIDE POLLUTION:
Pesticides are organic and inorganic chemicals originally invented and first used effectively to better the human environment by controlling undesirable life forms such as bacteria, pests, and foraging insects. Their effectiveness, however, has caused considerable pollution. The persistent, or hard, pesticides, which are relatively inert and nondegradable by chemical or biologic activity, are also bioaccumulative; that is, they are retained within the body of the consuming organism and are concentrated with each ensuing level of the biologic food chain. For example, DDT provides an excellent example of cumulative pesticide effects. (Although DDT use has been banned in the United States since 1972, it is still a popular pesticide in much of the rest of the world.) DDT may be applied to an area so that the levels in the surrounding environment are less than one part per billion. As bacteria or other microscopic organisms ingest and retain the pesticide, the concentration may increase several hundred- to a thousandfold. Concentration continues as these organisms are ingested by higher forms of life--algae, fish, shellfish, birds, or humans. The resultant concentration in the higher life forms may reach levels of thousands to millions of parts per billion.
Many pesticides are nondiscriminatory; that is, they are not specific for a particular plant or organism. A dramatic example of this effect is DDE (a product of the breakdown of DDT), which effectively inhibits the ability of birds to provide sufficient calcium deposits for their eggs, producing fragile shells and a high percentage of nested eggs that break prematurely. Another reported side effect of pesticides is their effect on the nervous system of animals and fish; they can cause instability, disorientation, and, in some cases, death. These examples are generally a result of relatively high body residuals producing acute (short-term) readily recordable results.
The long-term (chronic) effects of persistent pesticides are virtually unknown, but many scientists believe they are as much an environmental hazard as are the acute effects. Nonpersistent (readily degradable) pesticides or substitutes, insect sterilization techniques, hormone homologues that check or interfere with maturation stages, and introduction of animals that prey on the pests present a potentially brighter picture for pest control with significantly reduced environmental consequences.
Pesticides are organic and inorganic chemicals originally invented and first used effectively to better the human environment by controlling undesirable life forms such as bacteria, pests, and foraging insects. Their effectiveness, however, has caused considerable pollution. The persistent, or hard, pesticides, which are relatively inert and nondegradable by chemical or biologic activity, are also bioaccumulative; that is, they are retained within the body of the consuming organism and are concentrated with each ensuing level of the biologic food chain. For example, DDT provides an excellent example of cumulative pesticide effects. (Although DDT use has been banned in the United States since 1972, it is still a popular pesticide in much of the rest of the world.) DDT may be applied to an area so that the levels in the surrounding environment are less than one part per billion. As bacteria or other microscopic organisms ingest and retain the pesticide, the concentration may increase several hundred- to a thousandfold. Concentration continues as these organisms are ingested by higher forms of life--algae, fish, shellfish, birds, or humans. The resultant concentration in the higher life forms may reach levels of thousands to millions of parts per billion.
Many pesticides are nondiscriminatory; that is, they are not specific for a particular plant or organism. A dramatic example of this effect is DDE (a product of the breakdown of DDT), which effectively inhibits the ability of birds to provide sufficient calcium deposits for their eggs, producing fragile shells and a high percentage of nested eggs that break prematurely. Another reported side effect of pesticides is their effect on the nervous system of animals and fish; they can cause instability, disorientation, and, in some cases, death. These examples are generally a result of relatively high body residuals producing acute (short-term) readily recordable results.
The long-term (chronic) effects of persistent pesticides are virtually unknown, but many scientists believe they are as much an environmental hazard as are the acute effects. Nonpersistent (readily degradable) pesticides or substitutes, insect sterilization techniques, hormone homologues that check or interfere with maturation stages, and introduction of animals that prey on the pests present a potentially brighter picture for pest control with significantly reduced environmental consequences.
Sunday, July 3, 2011
Environment issue in developing country
In developing countries seeking to expand their economic activities, consideration for environmental conservation often receives a low priority. In addition, approaches used in industrialized countries often cannot be applied directly in developing countries. In this context, NIES is conducting research on ways to conserve the environment that are appropriate for developing country conditions.
Water quality and air pollution are serious problems in developing countries in the Asian region. Air pollution in major cities marked by many factories and heavy vehicle traffic also have high concentrations of sulfur dioxide and suspended particulate matter (SPM), at levels Japan experienced in the past. In addition, problems such as damage from acid rain and transboundary pollution are growing more serious. Pollution of rivers and lakes from chemical substances (including agricultural chemicals) and eutrophication (including abnormal growth of toxic algae) are also occurring more frequently, while water shortages and tropical forest destruction are worsening.
While many developing countries give economic development the greatest priority, many problems remain with basic needs such as safe drinking water and food, as well as medical and public health services. This situation often hinders progress in addressing environmental problems. In some countries, including Bangladesh, China and India, negative health impacts are growing over large areas due to fluorine and arsenic pollution in air and drinking water. In China, problems caused by sandstorms from the inland deserts have attracted international attention about aerosols and their long distance transport mechanisms. In addition, the local ecological damage and impacts on water resources as a result of construction of the Three Gorges Dam on the Changjiang (Yangtze) River have attracted international concern.
Water quality and air pollution are serious problems in developing countries in the Asian region. Air pollution in major cities marked by many factories and heavy vehicle traffic also have high concentrations of sulfur dioxide and suspended particulate matter (SPM), at levels Japan experienced in the past. In addition, problems such as damage from acid rain and transboundary pollution are growing more serious. Pollution of rivers and lakes from chemical substances (including agricultural chemicals) and eutrophication (including abnormal growth of toxic algae) are also occurring more frequently, while water shortages and tropical forest destruction are worsening.
While many developing countries give economic development the greatest priority, many problems remain with basic needs such as safe drinking water and food, as well as medical and public health services. This situation often hinders progress in addressing environmental problems. In some countries, including Bangladesh, China and India, negative health impacts are growing over large areas due to fluorine and arsenic pollution in air and drinking water. In China, problems caused by sandstorms from the inland deserts have attracted international attention about aerosols and their long distance transport mechanisms. In addition, the local ecological damage and impacts on water resources as a result of construction of the Three Gorges Dam on the Changjiang (Yangtze) River have attracted international concern.
Social Education
Main problem of child from depression developing country and developed same case for more then developing country. In years past, Tom found that the "alphabet soup" approach to teaching the Great Depression failed to engage his students. His 10th graders struggled to keep track of the other acronyms of the era. More disconcertingly, the history of political bureaucracies dulled the drama inherent in this dark epoch. Searching for a new strategy, Tom stumbled upon the which used multimedia stories, images, and recordings to reveal the experience of the 20,000 teenage hoboes of the Depression.
What is education
There are many many research what is education. Education is a life long process. According to ‘O, connor the term education has three major components. They are a set of techniques for imparting knowledge, skills and attitudes. A set of theories which purport to explain of justify the use of these techniques. A set of values or ideals embodied and expressed in the purposes for which knowledge, skill and attitudes are imparted and so directing the amounts and types of training that is given. In wider sense education encodes all the influences which act upon an individual during his passage from the cradle to the grave. In narrow sense, education may be taken to mean any consciously directed effort to cultivate and develop our powers.
What is education? There are many scholars gave their opinion about education. According to Socrates ‘education means the bridging out of ideas of universal validity which are latent in the mind of every man`. According to frobel ‘education is a process by which the child makes it internal external` according to Swami Vivekananda ‘education is a manifestation of the divine perfection already present in the mankind` according to T.P.Nunn ‘‘education is the complete development of individuality, so that man can make an original contribution to human life according to his best capacity and according to Addison ‘When education works on a noble mind, it draws out to view every latent virtue and perfection.
What is education? There are many scholars gave their opinion about education. According to Socrates ‘education means the bridging out of ideas of universal validity which are latent in the mind of every man`. According to frobel ‘education is a process by which the child makes it internal external` according to Swami Vivekananda ‘education is a manifestation of the divine perfection already present in the mankind` according to T.P.Nunn ‘‘education is the complete development of individuality, so that man can make an original contribution to human life according to his best capacity and according to Addison ‘When education works on a noble mind, it draws out to view every latent virtue and perfection.
Saturday, July 2, 2011
Computer Education In Nepal
Nepal is a land lock and also developing country . Computer literacy is a skill which is valued almost as highly as standard literacy! It is therefore a huge advantage to learn the basics of computer use and this is something which our volunteers of Computer Education Program ( CEP ) can help with. By assisting children and youths with theoretical and practical computer classes, Volunteers make a difference in community where don’t have experienced and qualified IT teachers as Nepal has just relazied the importance of computer education. Realising the need for skilled manpower in Nepal, computer skills in becoming necessary for every one. So, the main objectives of Computer Education Program ( CEP ) is to increase computer literacy through the placement of International Volunteers in newly introduced Information Technology (IT) centers. Volunteers are needed to assist children and youths with basic theoretical and practical computer classes. You can teach any of the following useful programmes; Microsoft Word, Microsoft Excel, Microsoft Paint, Photoshop, Page Maker, internet usage, and website development. Depending on the level of student, you will teach a variety of practical computer skills ranging from how to turn a computer on and off, to explanning office program, to providing some basic hardware maintenance training if you can. Experienced volunteers can also conduct IT lessions to the teaching staffs that they can teach better to students.
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Friday, July 1, 2011
Community Environmental Education Programs
The most import of CEE programs involve community members in learning about environmental issues through a range of formal and informal methods. The programs seek and actively encourage community dialogue and interaction to achieve positive environmental outcomes at a local level. All CEE programs aim to help develop a more sustainable community. The programs are informed by the Education for Sustainability Strategy 2010-2012 .
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